Czech and Slovak Ophthalmology 560 Recommended Procedures Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of patients with retinal vein occlusion Řehák Jiří https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0932-1401 Studnička Jan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9911-4379 10 12 2012 6 4

Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is defined as a retinal vascular disorder which is typically manifested by the overlapping, dilation and tortuosity of the retinal veins, predominantly by means of intraretinal haemorrhages and intraretinal edema, retinal ischemia including cotton wool spots, hard exudates and macular edema [1-8]. As soon as an area of the fovea is afflicted by macular edema, a deterioration of central visual acuity (VA) takes place, which leads to progressive and sometimes acute, painless loss of sight.

 References Treatment of hemispheric vein occlusion is similar to treatment of retinal vein occlusion. In particular macular edema as a consequence of hemispheric vein occlusion is treated in a similar manner as with BRVO. The risk of rubeosis in ischemic occlusion of the hemicentral vein is greater than in the case of BRVO, but smaller than in CRVO. Examination for neovascularisation of the anterior segment, including gonioscopy, is therefore indicated. Treatment of neovascularisation of the BRVO Determination of basic systemic disorder (arterial hypertension, cardiovascular disorder, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, thrombophilia) Identification of location of occlusion Assessment of extent of peripheral and macular ischemia (according to fluorescent angiography) Identification of complications threatening sight such as macular edema, neovascularisation (ON disc, retina, iris, chamber angle) Observation of VA, biomicroscopy of fundus, OCT Perfused periphery Non-perfused periphery Normal VA or deterioration of VA to 6/12 inclusive Monitor during first three months once per month, then once per two months for a period of 1 year. If macrocystic ME is shown on OCT, treatment is indicated as with sympathe Hayreh SS, Klugman MR, Beri M, Kimura AE, Podhajsky P: Di- fferentiation of ischemic from non-ischemic central retinal vein occlusion during the early acute phase. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 1990; 228: 201–217. 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