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Retinal diseases represent a large group of hereditary and acquired diseases that often lead to loss of vision. There is currently no effective treatment of retinal degeneration, only supportive therapy is used for treating numerous diseases. Perspective treatment of retinal diseases represent a cell therapy using stem cells. Suitable candidates for the stem cell therapy are mesenchymal stem cells...

Aim: To determine the frequency of extraocular rectus muscle involvement in patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO). Materials and methods: A total of 154 orbits of 77 adult patients (53 women and 24 men) with TAO aged from 18 to 81 years (median 49 years) were investigated. Only patients with clear signs of TAO and confirmed thyroid disease who had been referred to the Department of Op...